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Alignment Descriptions

Internal Alignment Engines and Reciprocating Compressors | Internal Alignment, Steam and Gas Turbines | Thermal Growth and Movement Studies | Foundations, Baseplates and Soleplates | Alignment Training Seminars

Internal Alignment, Steam and Gas Turbines

The positions of internal components of steam and gas turbines are designed to be adjustable. Proper positioning improves machine performance and reliability. The bearing elevation and horizontal position controls the rotor position in relation to the machine case and stationary blades. Steam turbine diaphragm positions within the turbine shell are adjustable in order to control the clearance between the rotating shaft and seals.

Optical targets set-up in steam turbine

Previously, wireline alignment has been widely used to measure the position of internal components. This is a rather cumbersome and error-prone system.

Tern Technologies, Inc. uses an optical target and telescope system to measure internal component positions. Wire crosshair or glass pattern targets are centered in bearings, diaphragms or other locations being measured. An optical line scope mounted on one end of the machine and positioned on the units centerline axis is used to measure the location of targets installed on the adjustable components.

One significant advantage of the optical system over the wireline is that the optical line of sight does not sag and it is never in the way. Also, it is relatively fast to set up and very accurate.

Optical line scope on small turbine

Typically, steam turbine diaphragm alignment is performed in the bottom half of the turbine shell, with the top half of the case off. Most gas turbine designs require that the top half of the case be installed during data collection. On smaller units, this usually requires that the centering targets be installed with the top half of the case removed. After all the centering targets have been installed, the top half o the case is re-installed and data is recorded. On larger units, the targets can typically be installed with the top case on.

Optical alignment of steam and gas turbine internal components offers a fast, accurate and economical alternative to wireline alignment. Tern Technologies, Inc. maintains an extensive inventory of optical targets, target centering devices and telescopes, and our personnel have extensive experience on a wide variety of turbines.